In the English system the cousin relationship is further detailed by the concepts of degree and removal. This means neither person is an ancestor of the other, they do not share a parent (are not siblings), and neither is a sibling of the other's parent (are not the other's aunt/ uncle nor niece/nephew). The term kissing cousin is sometimes used for a distant relative who is familiar enough to be greeted with a kiss. Edwin and Frances are double first cousins because they share both sets of grandparents as they are cousins through both parents. Various governmental entities have established systems for legal use that can precisely specify kinship with common ancestors any number of generations in the past; for example, in medicine and in law, a first cousin is a type of third-degree relative.

COUSIN | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary COUSIN | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary

When there is more than one common ancestor, the consanguinity between each ancestor is added together to get the final result. To illustrate usage, a second cousin is a cousin with a degree of two; there are three (not two) generations from the common ancestor(s). These terms relate to a first cousin once removed, uncle/aunt referring to an older generation and niece/nephew for younger ones.When removal is specified each cousin is separated by a different number of generations from the common ancestor. The term grandcousin is sometimes used for the grandchild of a first cousin, or the first cousin of a grandparent: a first cousin twice removed. If the cousins do not come from the same generation Removal is specified as removal measures the difference in generations between the two cousins. The terms cousin-uncle/aunt and cousin-niece/nephew are sometimes used to describe the direction of the removal of the relationship, [7] especially in Mennonite, [8] Indian, and Pakistani [ citation needed] families. A maternal cousin is a cousin that is related to the mother's side of the family, while a paternal cousin is a cousin that is related to the father's side of the family.

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Also, if the cousins are not separated from the common ancestor by the same number of generations, the cousin with the smallest separation is used to determine the degree. David and Penelope are half cousins because they share only one grandparent (Alice) because they are related through half-siblings (Anne and Robert). While there is no agreed upon term, it is possible for cousins to share three grandparents if a pair of half siblings had children with a pair of full siblings. Step-cousins are either stepchildren of an individual's aunt or uncle, nieces and nephews of one's step-parent, or the children of one's parent's step-sibling.If half siblings have children with another pair of half siblings, the resulting children would be double half first cousins. In the example Basic family tree, Emma is David's maternal cousin and David is Emma's paternal cousin. The resulting children are related to each other through both their parents and are thus doubly related. Two people can be removed but be around the same age due to differences in birth dates of parents, children, and other relevant ancestors.

Cousin - Wikipedia Cousin - Wikipedia

Consanguinity decreases by half for every generation of separation from the most recent common ancestor, as there are two parents for each child. The removal is the difference between the number of generations from each cousin to the common ancestor. Between first cousins, there are two shared ancestors each with four generations of separation, up and down the family tree: ( 1 2 ) 4 + ( 1 2 ) 4 {\displaystyle \left({\tfrac {1}{2}}\right)

This relationship is not necessarily reciprocal, as the maternal cousin of one person could be the paternal cousin of the other. For example, a cousin-granduncle is a male first cousin twice removed that comes from an older generation, and a cousin-grandniece is a female first cousin twice removed who comes from a younger generation. The rules are the same for cousins-in-law, except they exist between shaded solid lines and shaded dotted lines. Degree measures the number of generations from the most recent common ancestor(s) to a parent of the cousin. Below, when discussing the coefficient of relationship, we assume the subject and the relative are related only through the kinship term.