The British Library is the second largest library in the world, and the national library of the United Kingdom. [388] There are many other research libraries, including the Wellcome Library and Dana Centre, as well as university libraries, including the British Library of Political and Economic Science at LSE, the Abdus Salam Library at Imperial, the Maughan Library at King's, and the Senate House Libraries at the University of London. [389] Flooding". UK Environment Agency. Archived from the original on 15 February 2006 . Retrieved 19 June 2006.

Ibeji, Mike (17 February 2011). "History– 1066– King William". BBC. Archived from the original on 22 September 2009 . Retrieved 29 March 2021. Source 2: Weather Atlas (percent sunshine and UV Index) [167] CEDA Archive [168] TORRO [169] Time and Date [170]Universities in London outside the University of London system include Brunel University, Imperial College London, [note 6] Kingston University, London Metropolitan University, University of East London, University of West London, University of Westminster, London South Bank University, Middlesex University, and University of the Arts London (the largest university of art, design, fashion, communication and the performing arts in Europe). [332] In addition, there are three international universities – Regent's University London, Richmond, The American International University in London and Schiller International University. Main articles: Local government in London, History of local government in London, and List of heads of London government Arms of the Corporation of the City of London [107] Global Property Guide. "Price per Square Meter United Kingdom – British Cost per Square Meter". Global Property Guide. London's finance industry is based in the City of London and Canary Wharf, the two major business districts. London is one of the pre-eminent financial centres of the world as the most important location for international finance. [245] London took over as a major financial centre shortly after 1795 when the Dutch Republic collapsed before the Napoleonic armies. For many bankers established in Amsterdam (e.g. Hope, Baring), this was only time to move to London. Also, London's market-centred system (as opposed to the bank-centred one in Amsterdam) grew more dominant in the 18th century. [72] The London financial elite was strengthened by a strong Jewish community from all over Europe capable of mastering the most sophisticated financial tools of the time. [76] This economic strength of the city was attributed to its diversity. [246] [247] The Bank of England, established in 1694, is the model on which most modern central banks are based.

Mills, Anthony David (2001). A Dictionary of London Place Names. Oxford University Press. p.139. ISBN 9780192801067. OCLC 45406491. London City Airport, the most central airport and the one with the shortest runway, in Newham, East London, is focused on business travellers, with a mixture of full-service short-haul scheduled flights and considerable business jet traffic. [278]

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The first gay bar in London in the modern sense was The Cave of the Golden Calf, established as a night club in an underground location at 9 Heddon Street, just off Regent Street, in 1912 and became a haunt for the wealthy, aristocratic and bohemian. [364] Comptons of Soho during London Pride in 2010 Information on latest house prices in the Royal Borough". Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. Archived from the original on 10 October 2016. The Greater London Authority consists of the Mayor of London and the London Assembly. The London Mayor is distinguished from the Lord Mayor of London, who heads the City of London Corporation running the City of London. Population Growth in London, 1939–2015". London Datastore. Greater London Authority. Archived from the original on 19 February 2015 . Retrieved 7 July 2015. Alt URL Potter, Mark (17 February 2011). "London tops world cities spending league". Reuters. Archived from the original on 20 February 2011 . Retrieved 29 April 2011.

a b White, Matthew. "The rise of cities in the 18th century". British Library . Retrieved 11 June 2022. The Heraldic Dragon". Sacred-texts.com. Archived from the original on 28 May 2017 . Retrieved 23 July 2015.

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In 2008, Time named London alongside New York City and Hong Kong as Nylonkong, hailing them as the world's three most influential global cities. [102] In January 2015, Greater London's population was estimated to be 8.63million, its highest since 1939. [103] During the Brexit referendum in 2016, the UK as a whole decided to leave the European Union, but most London constituencies voted for remaining. [104] However, Britain's exit from the EU in early 2021 only marginally weakened London's position as an international financial centre. [105]