Compare his letter to Louise von Welz of 13 December 1875, in: Bülow, Hans von: Briefe, Band 5, ed. Marie von Bülow, Leipzig 1904, p. 321.

To that end, Litz and his colleagues published a comprehensive paper on moral injury in 2009, outlining common moral struggles veterans were facing and proposing a treatment approach that involved making personally meaningful reparations for harm done. He noted, too, that not all “potentially morally injurious events” cause moral injury. If you kill someone, and you feel totally justified in having done so, you may not experience moral injury at all. Moral injury tends to turn up when you have a vision of the world as fundamentally fair and good and something you’ve done or witnessed destroys that vision. During his virtuoso heyday, Liszt was described by the writer Hans Christian Andersen as a "slim young man...[with] dark hair hung around his pale face". [33] He was seen as handsome [4] [34] [35] by many, with the German poet Heinrich Heine writing concerning his showmanship during concerts: "How powerful, how shattering was his mere physical appearance". [30] As Frankl would have done, therapists such as Litz and Harwood-Gross encourage clients to accept the depth of inhumanity in the world rather than attempt to blot out awareness of that inhumanity. The essential question—the same one Frankl confronted—then becomes: “In the midst of what has happened and what is still happening, how can I find meaning in life?”

Elimination Route

When the strand diameter is selected, the number to consider will depend on the acceptable current density in the windings of the magnetic devices. Even if the total copper losses and the hotspot temperature shall be determined afterward, some additional design rules can be preliminary applied to confirm a possible diameter of the final conductor to use (table 3). After Liszt settled in Weimar, his pupils steadily increased in number. By his death in 1886, there would have been several hundred people who in some sense could have been regarded as his students. August Göllerich published a voluminous catalogue of them. [n 16] In a note he added the remark that he had taken the connotation of "student" in its widest sense. As a consequence, his catalog includes names of pianists, violinists, cellists, harpists, organists, composers, conductors, singers, and even writers. Liszt wrote to the cover of the manuscript, "Darf man solch ein Ding schreiben oder anhören?" ("Is it allowed to write such a thing or to listen to it?")

Liszt fell down the stairs of a hotel in Weimar on 2 July 1881. Though friends and colleagues had noticed swelling in his feet and legs when he had arrived in Weimar the previous month (an indication of possible congestive heart failure), he had been in good health up to that point and was still fit and active. He was left immobilized for eight weeks after the accident and never fully recovered from it. A number of ailments manifested themselves— dropsy, asthma, insomnia, a cataract in the left eye, and heart disease. The last eventually contributed to Liszt's death. He became increasingly plagued by feelings of desolation, despair, and preoccupation with death—feelings that he expressed in his works from this period. As he told Lina Ramann, "I carry a deep sadness of the heart which must now and then break out in sound." [63] Figure 5.7δ Diameter Conductor shows an AC Resistance of twice the DC value.Image used courtesy of Bodo’s Power Systems[PDF]As the pandemic drags on, similar thoughts occupy McGowan’s mind. Although COVID hospital admissions have decreased somewhat in her area, workers have been quitting in droves, which means there still aren’t enough providers to give patients adequate treatment. “I compare it to the Bataan Death March. There’s no end in sight,” McGowan says. On a bookshelf in her light-filled farmhouse, a plaque reads, “You never know how strong you are until being strong is the only choice you have.” Liszt fell very ill, to the extent that an obituary notice was printed in a Paris newspaper, and he underwent a long period of religious doubts and pessimism. He again stated a wish to join the Church but was dissuaded this time by his mother. He had many discussions with the Abbé de Lamennais, who acted as his spiritual father, and also with Chrétien Urhan, a German-born violinist who introduced him to the Saint-Simonists. [16] Urhan also wrote emotive music that moved beyond the Classical paradigm, with titles such as Elle et moi, La Salvation angélique and Les Regrets; these may have helped to develop Liszt's taste and style. Additionally, Urhan was an early champion of Schubert, which inspired Liszt's own lifelong love of his songs. [19] IELTS Listening – a 30 minute audio recording with 40 questions. All IELTS candidates take the same test. For the next eight years Liszt continued to tour Europe, spending holidays with the countess and their children on the island of Nonnenwerth on the Rhine in the summers of 1841 and 1843. [29] In May 1844, the couple finally separated. [30] This was Liszt's most brilliant period as a concert pianist; honors were showered on him and he was met with adulation wherever he went. [16] Liszt wrote his Three Concert Études between 1845 and 1849. [31] Since he often appeared three or four times a week in concert, it could be safe to assume that he appeared in public well over a thousand times during this eight-year period. Moreover, his great fame as a pianist, which he would continue to enjoy long after he had officially retired from the concert stage, was based mainly on his accomplishments during this time. [32] Liszt in concert (1846) drawn by Fritz von Dardel

Liszt was one of the most prominent representatives of the New German School (German: Neudeutsche Schule). He left behind an extensive and diverse body of work that influenced his forward-looking contemporaries and anticipated 20th-century ideas and trends. Among Liszt's musical contributions were the symphonic poem, developing thematic transformation as part of his experiments in musical form, and radical innovations in harmony. [8] Liszt has also been regarded as a forefather of Impressionism in music, with his Années de pèlerinage, often regarded as his masterwork, featuring many impressionistic qualities. [9] In a radical departure from his earlier compositional styles, many of Liszt's later works also feature experiments in atonality, foreshadowing the serialist movement of the 20th century. Litz wires cannot be only defined by the stranding. Other parameters of importance are the bunching and the twisting (table 4).Asa matter of fact, the bunching (ex. : 50x5 vs. 10x5x5…) and its direction (S or Z at different levels) could affect a lot the frequency behavior (figure 8). The twisting (number of rotations per meter or lay length or pitch) is normally calibrated to have at least 3 rotations along the mean turn length of the winding; this is to balance the best proximity effect cancellation. Liszt, Franz; Street-Klindworth, Agnes (2000). Franz Liszt and Agnes Street-Klindworth: A Corr Litz wire is used to make inductors and transformers, especially for high frequency applications where the skin effect is more pronounced and proximity effect can be an even more severe problem. Litz wire is one kind of stranded wire, but, in this case, the reason for its use is not the usual one of avoiding complete wire breakage due to material fatigue.

Uses

Round conductors such as wire or cables larger than a few skin depths do not conduct much current near their axis, so the metal located at the central part of the wire is not used effectively. The inscription "In magnis et voluisse sat est" ("In great things, to have wished them is sufficient") had in Liszt's youth been correlated with his friend Felix Lichnowski. The strand diameter selection can have a big impact on the real total AC copper losses of transformers or chokes wound by Litz wire. From such statements, the strand diameter must be optimized to keep the Fr ratio as low as possible without maximizing the cost of the product by expensive Litz wire application or too challenging an interleaving process in the winding construction.

This article will first summarize the well-known properties of Litz wire by highlighting special care and tips in its selection (part 1). The modelization approach of such conductors will be then discussed and the models available in FEA simulation tools will be compared. Eventually, a few words and references about the equivalent thermal conductivitythat can be assigned to a given Litz wire will be introduced to help in thermal simulation (part 2). When COVID swept the planet, the moral injury crisis became more pressing as ethically wrenching dilemmas became the new normal—not just for health-care workers but for others in frontline roles. Store employees had to risk their own safety and that of vulnerable family members to make a living. Lawyers often could not meet clients in person, making it nearly impossible to represent those clients adequately. In such situations, “no matter how hard you work, you’re always going to be falling short,” says California public defender Jenny Andrews. Early evidence suggests these approaches make headway where others can’t. In Litz’s initial trial of adaptive disclosure on 44 marines, participants’ negative beliefs about both themselves and the world diminished. Most also said the therapy helped to resolve their moral dilemmas. In 1841, Franz Liszt was admitted to the Freemason's lodge "Unity" "Zur Einigkeit", in Frankfurt am Main. He was promoted to the second degree and elected master as a member of the lodge "Zur Eintracht", in Berlin. From 1845, he was also an honorary member of the lodge "Modestia cum Libertate" at Zürich and in 1870 of the lodge in Pest (Budapest-Hungary). [36] [37] After 1842, " Lisztomania"—coined by 19th-century German poet and Liszt's contemporary, Heinrich Heine—swept across Europe. [6] The reception that Liszt enjoyed, as a result, can be described only as hysterical. Women fought over his silk handkerchiefs and velvet gloves, which they ripped to shreds as souvenirs. This atmosphere was fuelled in great part by the artist's mesmeric personality and stage presence. Many witnesses later testified that Liszt's playing raised the mood of audiences to a level of mystical ecstasy. [38]

Skin Effect

In July 1854, Liszt stated in his essay about Berlioz and Harold in Italy that not all music was program music. If in the heat of a debate, a person would go so far as to claim the contrary, it would be better to put all ideas of program music aside. But it would be possible to take means like harmony, modulation, rhythm, instrumentation, and others to let a musical motif endure a fate. In any case, a program should be added to a piece of music only if it was necessarily needed for an adequate understanding of that piece. Moral injury treatments are a needed safety valve for people battling guilt and ethical vertigo. Even so, as old hands on the front lines note, nudging the morally injured toward self-repair goes only so far. Therapy can help you move on from past choices, but unless your employer hires more staff or supplies more resources, chances are you’ll have to keep making decisions that violate your ethics, compounding your trauma. A lot of problems that cause moral injury “require systemic solutions on a much broader level,” says Andrews, the California public defender.