The rule set out in Universi Dominici gregis is that "No Cardinal elector can be excluded from active or passive voice in the election of the Supreme Pontiff, for any reason or pretext." ecclesiastical penalty imposed). The pope either decides the case himself or delegates the decision to a tribunal, usually one of the tribunals or congregations of the Roman Curia. Without such delegation, no ecclesiastical court, even the Roman Rota, is competent to judge a canon law case against a cardinal. [68] The technical name for the color that cardinals wear is “scarlet.” This color distinguishes them as members of the College of Cardinals and a “Prince” of the Church. At first reference Cardinal John Doe. At subsequent references the cardinal or Doe" ( Reuters Handbook of Journalism).

Pericle Felici (5 March 1973– 30 June 1979*); announced elections of Pope John Paul I ( 1978) and Pope John Paul II ( 1978) a b c Sägmüller, Johannes Baptist (1913). "Cardinal". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. As the exclusive electors of the pope (at least since 1179), cardinals were deemed to be the ecclesiastical equivalents of the Holy Roman Empire's 'Prince-Electors,' an extremely elite group with precedence over all other nobility (including archdukes, dukes and counts), who were tasked with the responsibility of electing Holy Roman Emperors.... A decree of 10 June 1630, by Urban VII bestowed the title "His Eminence", historically reserved for high nobility, upon the cardinals, thus elevating them above the 'His Excellency', then being used to refer to Italian princes." Guruge, Anura. The Next Pope. Alton, New Hampshire. 2010. p. 81. The term cardinal at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, [5] or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin cardo (hinge), meaning "pivotal" as in "principal" or "chief". The term was applied in this sense as early as the 9th century to the priests of the tituli ( parishes) of the diocese of Rome. [5] He recently went on tour alongside Volbeat, from January 25 to March 3, across the U.S. Currently, he is touring with the rest of the band in the Imperatour, supporting their new album IMPERA that was released on March 11, 2022.On March 3, 2020, in the last show of the Pale Tour Named Death, Cardinal Copia was anointed Papa Emeritus IV. [9] When not celebrating Mass but still serving a liturgical function, such as the semiannual Urbi et Orbi papal blessing, some Papal Masses and some events at Ecumenical Councils, cardinal deacons can be recognized by the dalmatics they would don with the simple white mitre (so called mitra simplex). A cardinal who is not a bishop is entitled to wear and use the episcopal vestments and other pontificalia (episcopal regalia: mitre, crozier, zucchetto, pectoral cross, and ring). He has both actual and honorary precedence over archbishops, and bishops who are not cardinals. However, he cannot perform the sacrament of ordination or other rites reserved solely to bishops. The prominent priests who since 1962 were not ordained bishops on their elevation to the cardinalate were over the age of 80 or near to it, and so no cardinal who was not a bishop has participated in recent papal conclaves.

Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference This mission marks the first reference to Gangstas in Space, which is later used as the name of both a mission and a DLC. Paulson, Michael (25 March 2006). "Bling! examination of the ring of Cardinal O'Malley". Boston Globe . Retrieved 8 September 2010. Ignatius Kung Pin-Mei, Bishop of Shanghai, made cardinal 1979, revealed 1991; Marian Jaworski, Archbishop of Lviv, made cardinal 1998, revealed 2001; Jānis Pujāts, Archbishop of Riga, made cardinal 1998, revealed 2001. Pope John Paul II created a fourth in 2003 but did not reveal his identity, not even in his will. Speculation centered on Joseph Zen Ze-kiun, Bishop of Hong Kong, Tadeusz Kondrusiewicz, Archbishop of Moscow, and Archbishop Stanisław Dziwisz, John Paul's longtime friend and secretary. [60] Camillo Caccia-Dominioni (16 December 1935– 12 November 1946†); announced election of Pope Pius XII ( 1939)Glatz, Carol (19 November 2020). "Majority of cardinals-designate expected to attend consistory". Crux. Catholic News Service . Retrieved 28 March 2021. Pope Paul VI (11 February 1965). "Ad purpuratorum Patrum". Libreria Editrice Vaticana . Retrieved 3 December 2017. ] This mission bears many similarities with the Saints Row 2 mission " Assault on Precinct 31"; both missions involve dressing up to infiltrate a building and both have Playa fight through law enforcement. While the number of cardinals was small from the times of the Roman Empire to the Renaissance, and frequently smaller than the number of recognized churches entitled to a cardinal priest, in the 16th century the college expanded markedly. In 1587, Pope Sixtus V sought to arrest this growth by fixing the maximum size of the college at 70, including 50 cardinal priests, about twice the historical number. This limit was respected until 1958, and the list of titular churches modified only on rare occasions, generally when a building fell into disrepair. When Pope John XXIII abolished the limit, he began to add new churches to the list, which Popes Paul VI and John Paul II continued to do. Today there are close to 150 titular churches, out of over 300 churches in Rome. Being members of the Papal Court, monsignors wear the color purple. Typically monsignors do not have a zucchetto (the skull cap) or a pectoral cross, which distinguishes them from bishops and cardinals.